Microalgae: Cultivation, Biotechnological, Environmental, and Agricultural Applications

This chapter presents general aspects regarding microalgae biology and growth under ex situ conditions. Emphasis is given on some aspects of microalgae responses to major environmental and nutritional factors, for example, temperature, light, nutrients, and pH. Then, management of photobioreactor systems where microalgae are grown to achieve the objectives of producing high biomass and bioactive compounds for biotechnological applications is addressed. The feasibility of producing multiproducts has led to more efficient production pathways and use of materials and energy. Most of the studies about microalgae are addressed in an interrelated way with environment and agricultural applications.