Macular changes in diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography and fundus photography

Aim: To identify and compare macular changes in patients with diabetic mellitus (DM) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus photography (FP). Setting and Design: This prospective comparative study was conducted at a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: We examined 200 eyes of 107 diabetic patients with slit-lamp biomicroscopy, color FP using TOPCON fundus camera, and cirrus OCT. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were measured. The clinical diabetic retinopathy (DR) and OCT findings were compared. Statistical Analysis: SPSS version 20, using Pearson’s Chi-square test, Student’s t-test, and analysis of variance. Results: Mean age of patients was 53.59 ± 10.8 years, with 68.2% males. Only six (5.5%) patients had type 1 DM. Mean FBS, PPBS, and HbA1c were 137.08 ± 34.4 mg/dL, 218.13 ± 70.5 mg/dL, and 6.65% ± 2.8%, respectively. The mean HbA1c of patients with OCT changes (7.08% ± 2.9%) was higher than those with normal OCT (5.52 ± 2.18) (P value