Chapter 6. Stabilization/Solidification

Stabilization/solidification (S/S) provides an alkaline chemical environment in which metals and hydrophobic organic pollutants have low solubility, and a durable matrix of low hydraulic conductivity that constitutes a physical barrier to release of both inorganic and organic pollutants. However, pollutants and other components of contaminated soil can have a variety of deleterious effects on cement-based binders. This chapter provides an understanding of pollutant immobilization mechanisms, systematic formulation design, and rigorous evaluation of the effectiveness of S/S, to allow comparison of the risks and costs associated with different remediation technologies and an informed decision for contaminated site management.