Diagnostic Modalities: Pulmonary Function Testing and Imaging

Premature birth is associated with adverse late pulmonary outcomes, most commonly manifested as reduced pulmonary function, recurrent wheeze, exercise limitation, and chronic cough [1–3]. The realization that insults to the developing lung may have lifelong effects, with respiratory disease burden noted later in life, has led to the need to develop sensitive methods of assessing respiratory function and structural disease during infancy as well as the preschool and school-age years.