Implementation strategies from deployment of the National Diabetes Prevention Program in Pennsylvania community pharmacies

Abstract Objective To identify implementation strategies utilized by community pharmacists when initiating the National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP). Design This study was a qualitative, mid-implementation study using a semi-structured interview guide. Setting and Participants Community pharmacies in Pennsylvania that received grant funding from the Pennsylvania Pharmacists Association to begin the NDPP. Outcome measures A final list of implementation strategies from the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change and corresponding action items for pharmacists to begin the NDPP in their community pharmacies. Results Twenty strategies used by community pharmacists when implementing the NDPP. These strategies were grouped into three implementation phases: (1) Designing the Program; (2) Enrolling Patients; and (3) Keeping Patients Engaged. Strategies were further organized into eight clusters based on strategy characteristics. Pharmacists commonly noted that making classes dynamic, keeping patients engaged through interactive activities, and encouraging patients to join classes with a companion were important when implementing the NDPP. Conclusion Pharmacists used an array of strategies to implement the NDPP. This comprehensive list of strategies and accompanying action items can be used by community pharmacists nationwide to facilitate implementation of the NDPP.