Dual Payload Ascent Trajectory Optimization with a Splash-Down Constraint

Optimal ascent trajectories for a multistage launch vehicle for dual payload problems are investigated. The optimization problems are formulated as multiphase problems with boundary and path constraints. Solutions are obtained using a direct multiple shooting method. Emphasis is placed on enforcing the splash-down constraint for the burned-out lower stage by simulating its return trajectory. The sensitivity of the optimization results with respect to the splash-down location is analyzed.