Effective pollination period in "Oblačinska" sour cherry clones
2014
To obtain high yields there should be high flower density and fruit set in
sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) production. Furthermore, in order to ensure
successful fertilization, there should be satisfactory stigma receptivity,
rapid pollen tube growth along the style, as well as adequate ovule
longevity. This manuscript presents the study of the effective pollination
period (EPP) of four ‘Oblacinska’ sour cherry clones (II/2, III/9, XI/3 and
XIII/1) that differs in pollen germination, fruit set and yields. In order to
estimate EPP, pollination was conducted in six different stages of flower
development: balloon stage, 2 d before anthesis (-2), at anthesis (0), and 2,
4, 6 and 8 d after anthеsis (DAA). The initial (IFS) and final fruit set
(FFS) were recorded under the field conditions. Alongside with this, the rate
of pollen tubes growth in the style was observed with fluorescent microscopy.
The experimental design was completely randomized, a two-factorial analysis
of variance was carried out and individual testing was performed using LSD
test (p ≤ 0.05; p ≤ 0.01). The experiment was set in triplicates. Regarding
FFS, clones II/2 and III/9 showed the best results (p ≤ 0.01) in 4 and 6 DAA.
The number of pollen tubes in the style of the pistil decreased with
subsequent terms of pollination, while its number in the ovule increased up
to sixth day after pollination, followed by a decline. Clones II/2 and III/9
showed EPP which lasted from 6 to 8 d, while EPP found in clone XI/3, lasted
only 2 d. It is concluded that only clone having long EPP should be used as
parents for creating new sour cherry cultivars. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke
Republike Srbije, br. TR 31063 and FP7 Project AREA 316004]
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