Frozen shoulder and evidence based unani medicine: A review

Arthritis (Joint pain) is a common problem among geriatric peoples. There are various types of arthritis like osteoarthritis, rheumatic arthritis, gout, psoriatic arthritis, and adhesive capsulitis. Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen shoulder syndrome), is a condition characterized by limitation of motion of the shoulder joint with pain at the extremes of motion. The incidence of frozen shoulder is approximately 3% in the general population, and peaks between 40 and 70 years of age, 10 to 36% of the individuals with diabetes mellitus are affected with this. In Unani literature the sign and symptoms of Adhesive Capsulitis or frozen shoulder syndrome are under the caption of Waja ul Mafasil, infact it is a painful or inflammatory condition affecting joints, their surrounding muscle and ligaments of shoulder which due to the alteration of humours. All such diseases of joints and associated structures are treated with certain regimens like Takmeed (Fomentation), Zimad, Tila, Roghaniyat, Dalak, Hijamat Bila Shurt, Mahjima Nariya, Fasad etc. Pharmacologically it will be treated with single (Suranjan, Bozidan, Muquil, Asgandh) or either compound drugs (Habbe Muquil, Majoon Chobchini, Habbe Suranjan, Habbe Agandh etc).