Modes d’utilisation des terres et stock de carbone organique du sol dans le bassin supérieur de Magou au Bénin

2019 
Avec la degradation des terres liee a la croissance demographique, les rendements agricoles baissent dans le Nord-Ouest du Benin. L’etude vise a evaluer l’impact des differents modes d’utilisation des terres sur le stock de carbone organique du sol dans le bassin superieur de Magou. A partir d’un choix raisonne sur trois sites suivant les modes d’utilisation des terres, la profondeur et la topo-sequence, 108 echantillons de sol ont ete preleves. La teneur en carbone organique du sol a ete determinee par la methode de Walkley et Black et leur variation evaluee par une analyse de variance (ANOVA) au seuil de 5%. Les resultats montrent que le plus eleve et le plus faible stock de carbone ont ete obtenus respectivement dans les formations naturelles (29,51 t/ha) et les champs (16,76 t/ha). Le stock de carbone organique du sol a significativement varie suivant la profondeur avec un fort stock de carbone entre 0-10 cm. Concernant la topo-sequence, le stock le plus eleve est en haut de pente et le plus faible est a mi- pente. Par consequent, la stabilisation du carbone organique du sol s’impose pour la durabilite de l’agriculture et la reduction des gaz a effet de serre. © 2018 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved Mots cles: rendement, sol degrade, teneur en carbone, bassin Magou, Benin English Title: Land use patterns and soil organic carbon stock in the Magou Upper Basin in Benin English Abstract With land degradation linked to population growth, agricultural yields are falling in northwestern Benin. The study aimed at evaluating the impact of different land use patterns on soil organic carbon stock in the Magou Upper Basin. From a reasoned choice on three sites according to land use patterns, depth and topo-sequence, 108 soil samples were collected. Soil organic carbon content was determined by the Walkley and Black method and their variation was assessed by analysis of variance at the 5% threshold. Results showed that the highest and lowest carbon stocks were obtained respectively in the natural formations (29.51 t / ha) and the fields (16.76 t / ha). The soil organic carbon stock has significantly varied depending on the depth with a high carbon stock between 0-10 cm. For the topo-sequence, the highest stock is at the top of the slope and the lowest is at mid- slope. Hence, Soil organic carbon stabilization is needed for the sustainability of agriculture and the reduction of greenhouse gases. © 2018 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved Keywords: yield, degraded soil, carbon content, Magou Upper Basin, Benin
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