Neuro-Ophthalmic Sarcoidosis

ABSTRACTBackground: In the absence of confirmatory biopsy, the criteria for diagnosis of neuro-ophthalmic sarcoidosis are not well established. Diagnostic criteria for both intraocular sarcoidosis and neurosarcoidosis have been proposed, but the diagnosis of neuro-ophthalmic sarcoidosis remains challenging. It is our intention to augment what is currently known about the diagnosis of neuro-ophthalmic sarcoidosis by providing a series of biopsy-proven cases that contribute to the continued development of diagnostic criteria for this enigmatic condition.Methods: Case series of four Caucasian women with biopsy-proven neuro-ophthalmic sarcoidosis.Results: The first patient was initially diagnosed with traumatic optic neuropathy following a fall. Years later, the presence of pathologic submandibular lymphadenopathy was identified and biopsied, revealing non-caseating granulomas. The second and third cases involved sarcoidosis of the extraocular muscles without clear or common systemic features of sarcoidosis. ...