Conceptual exploration targeting for microbially enhanced coal bed methane (MECoM) in the Walloon Subgroup, eastern Surat Basin, Australia

Abstract The sustainable in situ regeneration of microbial (biogenic) methane or microbially enhanced coal bed methane (‘MECoM’) is an emerging concept being investigated globally. Promising results and recommendations of a preliminary culture study of Walloon Subgroup co-produced coal seam gas (CSG) waters from the Surat Basin, Queensland established the presence of viable methanogens and suggested that in situ methanogenesis could be stimulated using physical and chemical reservoir treatments. This paper represents the culmination of a stepwise basin analysis project ultimately aimed at siting potential in situ bioreactor locations in the eastern Surat Basin. The integration of stratigraphically located data on the molecular and isotopic composition of desorbed gases, host coal properties and spatially associated waters through the core production zone has allowed the spatial variability and relative influence of hydro-geological factors on methanogenesis to be evaluated in detail for the first time. Higher gas contents and systematically enriched CH 4 and CO 2 carbon isotopic compositions in the stratigraphically central coal seams (oldest-youngest: in the upper Taroom Coal Measures, Tangalooma Sandstone lower Juandah Coal Measures) are best explained by increased rates of microbial CO 2 reduction and substrate depletion. There is a building case to trial MECoM in the central coal seams in a depleted/underperforming well in an area of high permeability. Integrated microbiological, chemical engineering, hydro-chemical and geological studies are ongoing to further enhance understanding of Walloon Subgroup CSG and the bioreactor potential of the Surat Basin.