BCG immunotherapy: be cautious of granulomas. Disseminated BCG infection and mycotic aneurysm as late complications of intravesical BCG instillations.

Abstract We describe a 65-year-old man with a granulomatous hepatitis and a progressive mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. One year before he received intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) for carcinoma of the bladder without any complaints. Only post-mortem investigations could confirm that he suffered from a systemic BCG infection. Literature is reviewed for this rare complication.