ZnO Nanowire Arrays Exhibit Cytotoxic Distinction to Cancer Cells with Different Surface Charge Density: Cytotoxicity is Charge-Dependent

: Using distinct ZnO NW arrays to provide positively charged surface, charge effect on cytotoxicity is investigated. 1-D structure of ZnO NWs is the main factor leads to apoptosis accompanied by ROS enrichment and GSH depletion, and electrostatic interaction between positively charged ZnO NWs and negatively charged cells make important contribution to the degree of ZnO NW arrays damaging cell membrane.