Cucurbit[7]uril host-guest complexations of aza-, diaza-, and oxa, azaspirocycloalkanes in aqueous solution

ABSTRACTThe host-guest complexations of fifteen protonated azaspirocyclic, oxa,azaspirocyclic, and diazaspirocyclic guests, three-dimensional analogues of morpholinium, piperidinium, and piperazinium cations, respectively, with cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) were investigated using 1H NMR spectroscopy in an acidic aqueous solution. The host-guest stability constants (KCB[7]) for the protonated spirocyclic guests were determined to range from 104–1011 M−1. The relative stability constants have been analyzed in terms of ring sizes and molecular volume (packing coefficient), and the presence and positions of additional oxygen and quaternary nitrogen heteroatoms. The larger the size of both the rings of the guest molecules the higher the observed binding constants for these guests with CB[7]. The largest values for KCB[7] were found for 1- and 2-azaspiro[3.5]nonane, 2- and 8-azaspiro[4.5]decane, and 2-azaspiro[5.5]undecane, when the guest contained 9–11 heavy atoms. Adding oxygen heteroatoms decreased the binding co...