Effects of modafinil and R-modafinil on brain stimulation reward thresholds: Implications for their use in the treatment of psychostimulant dependence

Background Modafinil and its enantiomer R-modafinil are approved for the treatment of various sleep disorders, and may also be efficacious in the treatment of psychostimulant abuse. However, the ability of modafinil and R-modafinil to alter brain reward function has not yet been assessed.