INTERACCIÓN ENTRE FACTORES AMBIENTALES Y RACIALES SOBRE LA PREVALENCIA DE HEMOTRÓPICOS EN HEMBRAS BOVINAS DOBLE PROPÓSITO EN SABANAS INUNDABLES ARAUCANAS, COLOMBIA
2018
The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of
hemotropics A. marginale, Babesia spp. and Trypanosoma spp.
and environmental and genetic interactions in milking cows of the
dual purpose system in the Municipality of Arauca, Colombia. A
blood sample from the middle coccygeal vein was collected from
333 female bovines of different ages, located on 18 livestock
farms, and the inclusion criterion was only the females that were
milked at each farm. Sampling was performed for convenience
in summer and winter. Samples were analyzed using Wright
and Hemacolor® techniques. The racial groups were: Cebu (n =
157), Criolla (n = 14), Criolla x Cebu (n = 32), Mestiza (n = 64),
Brown x Cebu (n=22), Simental x Cebu (n = 16) and Holstein
x Cebu (n = 5). Through contingency tables the percentage
amount of animals positive to hemotropics was determined. The
data were processed in Infostat; 72.22% of farms were positive
for A. marginale; 66.66% for Trypanosoma spp and 16.66% for
Babesia spp. The overall prevalence was 43.54%, the most
frequent hemoparasite was A. marginale, (24.92%), followed
by Trypanosoma spp, (14.41%) and Babesia spp (4.2%). No
mixed infections were identified. A significant association (P =
0.0001) of the farms with the three hemoparasites was observed;
A. marginale was dependent on the racial group (P = 0.0046),
Babesia spp and A. marginale had time-of-year dependence (P
<0.05), Anaplasma marginale was related to females of more
than five births (P = 0.0410) and the number of deliveries showed
no interaction (P> 0.05). It is concluded that in the Araucanian
floodplain region the highest prevalence of hemoparasites was
associated with A. marginale and Trypanosoma spp, Animals
with a predominance of taurus are more susceptible than Creoles
and the interactions are given to general management, sanitary
program, time and agroecological location of livestock farms.
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