A simultaneous extraction and enrichment method for rapid detection of polar chlorophenoxy acid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from wastewater based on low-generation dendrimer poly(propylene imine)

Abstract A new kind of poly(propylene imine) (PPI) functionalized-graphene oxide fully covered polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS/DVB) microspheres, named PS/DVB@GO-PPI, has been designed and synthesized. The PS/DVB@GO-PPI was used as a new dispersive solid-phase extraction material for simultaneous extraction and enrichment of polar chlorophenoxy acid (CPAs) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) from wastewater, followed by the determination with liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector. Comparing to PS/DVB@GO, the extraction efficiency of PS/DVB@GO-PPI to CPAs and NSAIDs increased more than 2 times. Under optimal conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) were 2.92–21.41 μg·L−1, with the recoveries at 77.5–101.8% and RSD less than 9.4%. PS/DVB@GO-PPI was also evaluated for reuse (20 times) without much sacrifice of extraction efficiency. By using PS/DVB@GO-PPI as a dispersive solid-phase extraction material, trace levels of CPAs and NSAIDs can be enriched and sensitively determined in environmental water samples in a fast and convenient way.