Spectrum polarization device based on polarization array and detection method

The invention discloses a spectrum polarization device based on a polarization array and a detection method. A principle optical axis along incident rays is sequentially provided with a front telescoping system, a delayer array, the polarization array, an achromatism half-wave plate array, a Wollaston prism, an analyzer, an imaging lens set and a data receiving system CCD detector from left to right. According to the spectrum polarization device based on the polarization array and the detection method, modulation of four different states of light is conducted through the polarization array, four S0 spectrums after modulation are obtained through the achromatism half-wave plate array and an interferometer based on the Wollaston prism, and therefore four Strokes vectors of incident light are restored. According to the spectrum polarization device based on the polarization array and the detection method, the spectrums and the four Strokes vectors of the incident light can be accurately obtained, spatial modulation is conducted on the spectrums and the polarization information through the polarization array at the same time, all channels are located in different spatial positions, the problem of channel aliasing does not exist, and the precision of the restored spectrums is higher. Meanwhile, due to the fact that all the channels respectively occupy the maximum optical path difference, the original spectrum resolution of an instrument is maintained, and the resolution of the restored spectrums is improved by seven times compared with an intensity modulation method.