The relationship between failure mechanism of nickel-rich layered oxide for lithium batteries and the research progress of coping strategies: a review

The Ni-rich layered material LiNixCoyMzO2 (M=Mn or Al, x+y+z=1) plays a crucial role in LIBs and attracts much attention owing to its comprehensive advantages in terms of energy density, production cost, and environmental friendliness, leading to the development of LIBs and related energy-storage devices. However, Ni-rich layered materials are limited in certain aspects such as safety, life cycle, and application range, which fail to meet the requirements for application in the market entirely. Starting from the factors including cation mixing, phase transition, crackle, and so on, which cause the performance degradation of nickel-rich cathode materials, this paper analyzes the mechanism of their action, and summarizes the mutual transformation relationship between the factors. Cutting off this transition process may, like inhibiting these factors, help improve the performance of materials. At the same time, the research progress on the strategies and mechanisms to deal with these failure factors is summarized, and the role of simulation calculation in material design and mechanism demonstration is discussed. The purpose of this paper is to give an introduction to the related research results of nickel-rich layered cathodes in recent years and to help researchers understand the development status of this field in a timely and rapid manner.