Analysis of Limit States and Tolerance Field of Polarization Multiplexing

Global communication is inevitably accompanied by increasing the capacity of optical routes, which is one of the main goals of modern data network designers. Particular emphasis is placed on increasing the capacities while using the existing builtin optical infrastructures. Recently, the attention of network engineers has been focused on the polarization division multiplexing (PDM) technology that uses at least two independent data channels on a single wavelength with orthogonal polarization states. PDM is becoming the standard in most state-of-the-art telecommunications systems. Thus, existing technologies allow multiple polarization states to be used. However, the latest research points to the emergence of new advanced PDM techniques using dozens of polarization states. The paper deals with the analysis of the tolerance field of general polarization division multiplexing. It brings new results that can yield new methods that will open up new possibilities for exploiting the polarization properties of light in telecommunications.