ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IGE SERUM LEVEL AND SEVERITY OF ASTHMA IN CHILDREN

Asthma is an inflammatory chronic process involving respiratory tract wall and cause limited airflow with increased of respiratory tract reactivity. It is a respiratory disease that is more common in children. Definition of asthma from Global Initiative Asthma (GINA), asthma is a heterogeneous disease, usually marked by chronic inflammation respiratory tract. Asthma causes symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and cough that vary over time, in their occurrence, frequency and intensity (GINA, 2016). International Consensus on (ICON) Pediatric Asthma, asthma is a chronic inflammation disorder which correlate with respiratory tract obstruction that clinical manifestation wheezing, cough and shortness of breath (Rahajoe et al, 2015). Estimate prevalence of asthma in the world is 7.2% (6% adults and 10% children) (Rahajoe, 2015). The pathogenesis, immunopathology, genetic, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and therapy for asthma had much progress. Therefore, it’s can’t be sure which one comes first because the complexity of both factor (Rahajoe, 2015). In many case, especially children and young adult, asthma is correlated with manifestation of atopy in Ig-Edependent mechanism (Rahajoe, 2013). There was no different of asthma mechanism in pediatric and adult. Although there was some problem in asthma pediatric there was not found in adult because of the pathology, lack of good scientific evidence, difficulties in determining of diagnosis and therapy and also variation of remodeling response of therapy that could not predicted before. This condition especially for children under five year old (Rahajoe, 2015). In population, atopy factor give contribute 40% asthma patient pediatrics and adult. Atopy, the genetic predisposition for the development of an Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated response to common aeroallergens, is the strongest identifiable predisposing factor for developing asthma (Rahajoe, 2013). Asthma has an inheritable component to its expression, but the genetics involved in the eventual development of asthma (Ober, 2005). The role of genetics in IgE production, airway hyperresponsiveness, and dysfunctional regulation of the generation of inflammatory mediators has appropriately captured much attention. Asthma is an effect from histamine in bronchial muscle. Histamine release together with IgE which mediated mast cell degranulation and make quickly contriction and bronchioles muscle spasm (Boyce, 2003). Ig E attaches to cell surfaces via a specific high-affinity receptor. The mast cell has large numbers of IgE receptors; these, when activated by interaction with antigen, release a wide variety of mediators to iniate acute bronchospasm and also to release proinflammatory cytokines to perpetuade underlying airway inflammation (Sporik, et al. 1995). In laboratory findings, pediatric patients with asthma show increased IgE serum levels compared to normal individuals without asthma. Ig E serum level is specific for allergic status. It is useful to identified risk factor or triggers of asthma. That is Ig E responsible for allergic attack (Rahajoe, 2013). However, lack of evidence of the association between IgE serum levels and severity of asthma in children. This study aims to determine the association between IgE serum levels and severity of asthma in children.