Generation of Vector Mathieu Beams using Geometrical Phase Elements and their Application to Laser Micro-Processing

Nondiffracting Mathieu beams are one of the candidates for laser microprocessing of transparent materials due to generation of high aspect ratio nanochannels [1], and ability to control micro crack formation [2]. Thus, they can enable an efficient cutting of transparent materials, because the direction, in which the crack propagates is controlled by the asymmetry of the beam profile [2]. Vector Mathieu beams are a more exotic than scalar version of the nondiffracting beams and their vector nature may bring additional benefits for micro-manufacturing of materials. Flexible generation of vector Mathieu beams can be achieved using a vectorial diffractive optical element, where the so-called geometrical phase is controlled by changing the orientation of nanograting inscribed in the bulk of the glass by a linearly polarized femtosecond laser pulse [3].