Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Microrobots for Three‐Dimensional Cell Culture and Targeted Transportation

magnetic fi elds. [ 20 ] These helical microrobots have been used to transport a single microsphere in three dimensions. The microrobots were coated with a thin titanium (Ti) layer for better biocompatibility and affi nity with the cells; this was confi rmed by culturing cells on the helical microrobots. Similarly, microspheres can be transported in the fl owing streams of microfl uidic channels, which enable the microrobots to swim in the