The evolving capabilities of enzyme-mediated proximity labeling

Abstract The subcellular organization of proteins and RNA molecules is crucial for their proper functions. Over the past decade, both ligase-mediated and peroxidase-mediated proximity labeling (PL) techniques have been developed to map biomolecules at near-nanometer spatial resolution and subminute temporal resolution. These methods are shedding light on the spatial arrangement of proteome and transcriptome in their native context. Here, we review the recent evolution and applications of PL techniques, compare and contrast the two classes of methods, and highlight emerging trends and future opportunities.