Frequency Regulation of Hybrid Distributed Power Systems Integrated with Renewable Sources by Optimized Type-2 Fuzzy PID Controller

The uncertain nature of renewable sources and load demand makes modern power systems highly complex and causes the frequency fluctuations. This research presents a maiden application of an Improved Sunflower Optimization Algorithm (ISFO) technique tuned Adaptive Type-2 Fuzzy PID (AT2FPID) structurefor frequency regulation of hybrid distributed power systems integrated with renewable sources. Initially, PID controller is considered and the dominance of ISFO over Sunflower Optimization Algorithm (SFO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolution (DE) has been established. Performance comparison is carried out by assessing overshoots, undershoots and various integral errors due to Step Load Perturbations (SLPs) in each area. In the next stage, AT2FPID controller is considered and its supremacy to control the system frequency is demonstrated by comparing with Type-2 Fuzzy PID (T2FPID), Type-1 Fuzzy PID (T1FPID) and PID controllers.