실효적인 연안침식대응을 위한 법제도적 전략 방안 - 영국의 연안침식 대응정책을 참고하여 -

Sea levels are rising due to climate change worldwide, and coastal erosion happens due to various development activities and those rising sea levels and coastal erosion are threatening our safety in earnest. Recognizing the dangers of coastal erosion, most countries are making efforts to manage to deal with the coastal erosion, and we have also promoted various policies for tackling the coastal erosion since the 1990s. In particular, in accordance with the principle of legal certainty, Korea is also specifying policies to respond to coastal erosion based on various laws. In reality, there are a number of laws for the sake of dealing with the coastal erosion matters, such as the Coastal Management Act, Act on Planning and Utilization of the National Territory, the Public Waters Management and Reclamation Act, Countermeasures against Natural Disasters Act and so on. Although the Coastal Management Act directly serves coastal erosion, it does not guarantee effective policies for coastal erosion, and there are considerable limitations in the application of other concerned laws in that other laws are just stipulated for specific purposes other than coastal erosion. Despite the need for a strategy to respond to coastal erosion that suits the situation in Korea, we do not secure the efficient legal strategies and policies to deal with the coastal erosion to our situation(e.g. being surrounded by water on three sides). Thus it is worth referring to the UK's experience and policies for the coastal erosion in that UK is an island country and specialized in the coastal erosion policies. And considering the policies of the UK relating to the coastal erosion we will be able to get by the effective countermeasures against coastal erosion, and the concerned laws that stipulate a more effective provisions to deal with the coastal erosion. In fact, the UK has enacted and revised several laws to respond to coastal erosion these days, but a prominent point in UK policy is the country is progressively using the Plan (concerning with the Coastal Erosion). The focus is that we should make the policy for the coastal erosion on long-term viewpoint deu to the fact that the coastal erosion occurs slowly and suddenly over a long period of time. In addition, it is also noteworthy to point out that the UK insists on a multifaceted policies for coastal erosion. Therefore, we need to consider revising the Coastal Management Act referring to UK’s legal instruments, for example, establishing policies at a longer-term level and inducing collaboration between various actors concerning with the coastal erosion.