HEMŞİRELERİN KARŞILAŞTIKLARI ETİK İKİLEMLERİN İNCELENMESİ

Ozet Etik ikilem bir eylem sirasinda karar verilmesi gereken bir durumda iki deger arasindaki karmasadan kaynaklanir. Hemsire hasta icin en iyi olan durumu karar verirken kendi degerleri ve yargilari arasinda karmasa yasadiginda etik ikilemle karsilasir. Hemsireler bu ikilemleri cozmek icin zamanin buyuk bir kismini harcamaktadir. Bu arastirma, hemsirelerin karsilastiklari etik ikilemlerin belirlenmesi amaciyla tanimlayici olarak planlanmistir. Bir universite hastanesinin yogun bakim, ameliyathane, dahiliye ve cerrahi kliniklerinde 395 hemsire calismaktadir. Orneklem kapsamina 395 hemsirenin % 50’si olan 198 kisi tabakali rastgele ve basit rastgele orneklem yontemiyle secilmistir. Verilerin toplanmasinda Marcia Raines tarafindan gelistirilen 42 maddelik etik ikilemler olcegi kullanilmistir. Bu olcegin guvenilirligi 0.82’dir. Hemsirelerin karsilastiklari en yuksek etik ikilem puan ortalamasi X:2.3±1.3 ile “hastanede kullanilan malzemelerin teminine iliskin etik ikilemler” olarak belirlenmistir. Hemsireler malzeme eksikligine bagli yasanan sorunlari arastirmalarla belirleyerek hastane yoneticilerine iletebilirler. Elde edilen bulgular isiginda hemsirelere etik ikilem ve etik karar verme surecine iliskin hizmet ici egitim planlanmasi, ayrica hemsirelik mufredatinda bu konulara iliskin genisce yer verilmesi gercegi ortaya cikmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemsirelik, Etik ikilemler. Abstract An ethical dilemma may be considered to be a situation that requires one to choose between two equally balanced and often unpleasant alternatives which carry moral implications. Nurses encounter ethical dilemmas when conflicting values and judgments are present regarding what is the best course of patient care. Nurses spent most of their time to solve these ethical dilemmas. This descriptive study carried out to determine ethical dilemmas which encountered during clinical practice. Three hundred ninety five of nurses has been working in medical, surgical and intensive care units of in a university hospital. The 50 % of 395 nurses were chosen as a sample. It was used the ethical dilemmas scale which is developed by Marcia Raines. The validity of this scale is 0.82’dir. Inadequate care due to lack of resources was the ethical challenges reported most often. The nurses should carry out a research about this problem and they can share the results of this research with the managers. According this study results, postgraduate education about ethics and ethical decision process should be planned for nurses. Also ethics and ethical decision process should be integrated in to nursing curriculum. Key words: ethics, ethical dilemmas