Subclinical Pulmonary Edema Is Associated With Reduced Exercise Capacity in HFpEF and HFrEF.

A cardinal feature of heart failure (HF) is reduced exercise tolerance (peak oxygen uptake [Vo2]) that is associated with dyspnea and increased left ventricular (LV) filling pressure [(1)][1]. Elevated resting LV filling pressures in patients with HF have been shown to be associated with increased