Synthesis, characterization, and electrical properties of alkali earth metal-doped bioceramics

Abstract Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is considered as one of the most efficient biomaterials with a commonly accepted formula Ca10[PO4]6.[OH]2 and to further boost the physicochemical and biological aspects of this material, it has been doped with elements like Fe, Co, Zn, Ba, and Na. Thus, in a view of understanding the influential properties of HAp by means of doping, the present study is aimed to test the efficacy of magnesium (Mg) and barium (Ba)-containing HAps (Mg-HAp and Ba-HAp) formed by the chemical co-precipitation method. The physicochemical properties of the two formed composites, Mg-HAp and Ba-HAp were thoroughly studied and found that they are crystalline in nature, along with the investigation of their molecular structure, nature of functional groups, bonding information, and elemental composition. The morphology studies indicated that the Mg-HAp particles are formed in a long and needle shape of 200–300 nm size, while the Ba-HAp particles are formed in an irregular assembly having the spheres and rods of uneven sizes. Finally, the variations that exist in the dielectric parameters for the Mg-HAp and Ba-HAp composites such as the permittivity, dielectric constant, dielectric losses with respect to frequency, and impedance studies in the form of Nyquist plot are also investigated.