Localization of harmonic source using a single moving sensor of known trajectory

This paper presents a localization method for a harmonic source using a single moving sensor in a piecewise- linear trajectory with a known velocity. Through the movement of the sensor, spatial information is embedded in the recorded signal. An approach is proposed to extract that spatial information by reformulating the single-channel signal into multi-channel waveforms. A temporal correction factor is then derived and applied to approximate the multi-channel waveforms as the signals from multiple synthetic sensors to model a virtual static array. The proposed approach enables the construction of the array covariance matrix and applies a beamforming-based technique for source localization. Numerical results demonstrate that its statistical performance follows closely with the conventional sensor array approach. Finally, the paper also shows the experimental verification of the approach in a practical context of sound source localization using a single microphone.