Языковые политики идентичности в России и в Европе: компаративный анализ

This article discusses the regulation of interethnic relations in Europe and Russia. The authors emphasize the dual character of perceiving imagined community and identity as illusion of simultaneous presence and absence of national character. The experience of identity building in the USA and Russia is investigated; a review of tools creating common European educational space is given; possible options for development of identity policy in the EU are presented in the article.  Key words: political identity, ethnos, external business communication, identity phenomenon, language policy, language exams standardization, language identity, intercultural competence.