Hsp110 and Grp170, members of the Hsp70 superfamily, bind to scavenger receptor-a and scavenger receptor expressed by endothelial cells-I

Heat shock protein 110 (hsp110) and glucose-regulated protein (grp170) act as anti-cancer vaccines when complexed to tumor antigens by heat shock. It has been proposed that receptors on antigen-presenting cells contribute to HSP-mediated immune responses. Here, we show that hsp110 binds in a receptor-mediated manner to RAW264.7 macrophages, as does grp170. This hsp110/grp170 binding is inhibited by scavenger receptor ligands, suggesting a role for scavenger receptors as binding structures. We examined scavenger receptor class A (SR-A) and scavenger receptor expressed by endothelial cells-I (SREC-I). We show that hsp110/grp170 binds to both SR-A- and SREC-I-expressing CHO cells in a saturable manner and scavenger receptor ligands inhibit binding. Hsp110 also saturably binds mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (bmDC) and is inhibited by scavenger receptor ligands. When an hsp110-rat neu (intracellular domain) heat shock complex vaccine is used to pulse mouse bmDC in vitro, an induction of IFN-γ secretion is observed by CD8+ T lymphocytes isolated from vaccine-immunized mice. This immune response is inhibited by the application of scavenger receptor ligands to bmDC. Thus, SR-A and SREC-I appear to contribute to the binding of hsp110 and grp170 on APC. Scavenger receptors, in general, contribute to the cross-presentation of hsp110-chaperoned protein antigen.