Scintillation of GNSS signals at equatorial latitudes

A particular threat to global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are small scale ionospheric disturbances. These can lead to fluctuations of the received satellite signal, so called signal scintillations. Strong scintillations can lead to a loss of lock between satellite and receiver. All GNSS signals are affected by this phenomenon. The influence of the short scale disturbances on the different GNSS signals is expected to be different for each signal, since the signals are transmitted by different carrier frequencies and are constructed in different ways.