Near-Band-Edge Photoluminescence from Very High Quality Hexagonal ZnO Bulk Crystals

The near-band-edge photoluminescence spectra of very high quality hexagonal ZnO single crystals in the temperature range between 9 and 305 K were measured. Based on the energetic positions and the evolutions of well-resolved photoluminescence lines with temperature and with excitation power density we interpret the observed photoluminescence lines as resulting from recombination of the free-exciton, bound-exciton, biexciton, inelastic exciton-exciton collision and electron-hole plasma.