Therapeutic role of ultrasound-guided intranodal lymphangiography in refractory cervical chylous leakage after neck dissection: Report of a case and review of the literature

Background Chylous leakage is a well-recognized but rare complication of head and neck surgery, affecting approximately 1% to 2.5% of head and neck dissections. It is a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by electrolyte imbalance, immunosuppression, delayed wound healing, risk of infection, and generalized sepsis. Management can be problematic and prolonged. Methods We present a case of refractory cervical chylous leakage after neck dissection treated with ultrasound-guided intranodal lymphangiography. Results Ultrasound-guided intranodal lymphangiography alone resulted in rapid and complete resolution of chylous leakage with minimal morbidity. Conclusion Based on our clinical experience and after a thorough literature review, we propose that ultrasound-guided intranodal lymphangiography with contrast agent could be considered a viable therapeutic option for persistent chylous leakages in selected patients. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E54–E60, 2016