Türk haritalarında okyanusların tanımlanması, adlandırılması ve sınırlarının belirlenmesine ilişkin yeni bir öneri

Bu calismada, Turk haritalarinda yer alan okyanuslarin tanimlanmasi, adlandirilmasi ve sinirlarinin belirlenmesi konusundaki problemler elestirel bir boyutta ele alinmaktadir. Dunya’daki harita ve atlaslarda kesin olarak dort (Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean), tartismali olarak ise bes okyanus (digerlerine ek olarak “Southern Ocean”) bulunmasina ragmen, Turk harita ve atlaslarinda cogunlukla uc okyanusun yer almasi (Buyuk Okyanus, Atlas Okyanusu ve Hint Okyanusu), Dunya’daki en kucuk okyanus olarak tanimlanan ve kabul edilen Arctic Ocean’in Turkce harita ve atlaslarda genel olarak “Kuzey Buz Denizi” olarak gecmesi ve ayrica bircok yabanci kaynak tarafindan Antarktika kitasini saran ve kuzey siniri tartismali olan su kutlesinin fiili olarak “Southern Ocean” olarak adlandirilmasina ragmen bunun ulusal harita ve atlaslarda bir karsiliginin olmamasi, Turk ve Dunya harita-atlaslari arasinda uyumsuzluklar meydana getirerek cesitli alanlarda standartlara iliskin sorunlara neden olmaktadir. Bu nedenle, bu calismada, temel olarak,  Turkce harita ve atlaslarda bes okyanusun yer almasi gerektigi; digerlerine ek olarak, “Kuzey Buz Denizi”nin “Kuzey Okyanusu”, Antarktika kitasini cevreleyen ve kuzey siniri 60° G enlemine kadar olan su kutlesinin ise “Guney Okyanusu” olarak adlandirilmasi onerilmektedir.   Abstract    In this study, it is critically focused on the definition, naming and the limits of oceans on Turkish maps. Although there are definitely four oceans (Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Arctic Oceans) but five oceans controversially (in addition to others ‘Southern Ocean’) in World maps and atlases, there are mostly three oceans (Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean) on Turkish maps. Besides, the smallest ocean in the World, defined as Arctic Ocean, is named as Northern Ice Sea on Turkish maps, generally. While the water mass surrounding the Antarctic continent with its debated northern limit is de facto called as Southern Ocean in the international literature, there is no appropriate counterpart of it on the national maps. All above mentioned issues cause particular problems pertinent to standardization created by incompatibilities between national and international maps. Accordingly, it is mainly suggested here that five oceans are needed to take place on Turkish maps: in addition to other three oceans, the name of so called Northern Ice Sea should be replaced with the Northern Ocean (an appropriate analoque name of the Arctic Ocean in Turkish) and the water mass surrounding the  Antarctic continent with the northern limit of 60° S should be named as Southern Ocean.