Les lémuriens du site Ramsar de Torotorofotsy
2013
Les differentes ressources naturelles et potentialites economiques du marais de Torotorofotsy et de ses bassins versants justifient l’appellation de « Ramsar ».du site. Ce dernier abrite plusieurs especes menacees de disparition : des amphibiens ( Mantella aurantiaca et M. crocea ), des oiseaux ( Anas melleri, Sarothrura watersi et Tyto soumagnei) , des mammiferes carnivores ( Cryptoprocta ferox ) ainsi que des lemuriens. La presente etude stipule qu’il y existe treize especes de lemuriens ; parmi ces especes, six sont classees « En danger » ( Prolemur simus, Indri indri, Propithecus diadema, Hapalemur griseus , Eulemur rubriventer , Daubentonia madagascariensis ), une « Quasi menacee » ( Eulemur fulvus ), une « Non menacee » ( Avahi laniger ) et cinq « Non evaluees » ( Allocebus trichotis, Cheirogaleus major, C. crossleyi , Microcebus lehilahytsara et Lepilemur mustelinus ). Les potentialites economiques de cette localite (ressources forestieres, terrains agricoles et ressources minieres) incitent a l’immigration dont on peut deja voir des consequences sur une partie de Torotorofotsy et de ses bassins versants : exploitation forestiere, transformation de la foret en tavy et alteration des marais en zones agricoles. L’implantation du projet d’extraction de nickel-cobalt d’Ambatovy a l’ouest du site a mene a la construction d’un pipeline traversant le marais, ce qui facilite l’acces au site mais amplifie la pression anthropique sur l’environnement et entraine la degradation de cette biodiversite particuliere a la region. Des etudes environnementales et socio-economiques ont ete effectuees pour reajuster le plan de gestion et de conservation du site. Pour ce qui est des lemuriens, les etudes de pression et de menaces basees sur la methodologie du ‘The Nature Conservancy’ et celle de ‘la Conservation du site Ramsar’, focalise les efforts de conservation, pour ce site, sur six especes a haut risque de disparition : Prolemur simus, Propithecus diadema, Indri indri, Eulemur rubriventer, Daubentonia madagascariensis et Allocebus trichotis . Abstract The Torotorofotsy wetlands Ramsar site is rich in natural resources and has great economic potential. Several threatened species, including amphibians ( Mantella aurantiaca and M. crocea ), birds ( Anas melleri, Sarothrura watersi and Tyto soumagnei) , carnivores ( Cryptoprocta ferox) and lemurs distinguish the site. This study documents the presence of thirteen species of lemur, of which six are considered threatened ( Prolemur simus, Hapalemur griseus , Eulemur rubriventer , Propithecus diadema, Indri indri and Daubentonia madagascariensis ), one is classed Near Threatened ( Eulemur fulvus ), one Least Concern ( Avahi laniger) and five Data Deficient ( Allocebus trichotis, Cheirogaleus major, C. crossleyi , Microcebus lehilahytsara and Lepilemur mustelinus ). The economic potential (forest resources, agricultural land and mineral resources) of the site has stimulated immigration to the area. As a result one part of Torotorofotsy has been subjected to forest exploitation, some areas of forest have been transformed by tavy and a large part of the wetlands has come under cultivation. The nickel and cobalt exploitation by the Ambatovy Project is located to the west of Torotorofotsy, thus one part of the pipeline runs through the marshland facilitating access to the site. The attraction and migration of human populations to the site generates pressures on the environment and subsequently accelerates the degradation of its biodiversity. Several studies based on the methodology of the ‘The Nature Conservancy’ and ‘the Conservation of Ramsar site’ have been conducted in order to implement and revise the management plan of this site. At Torotorofotsy, lemur conservation efforts should be focused on the six species at higher risk: Prolemur simus, Propithecus diadema, Indri indri, Eulemur rubriventer, Daubentonia madagascariensis and Allocebus trichotis .
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