Onyx Embolization of Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistula (Trans-Arterial Approach, Transvenous Approach, and Combined Approach)

Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is a kind of uncommon vascular disease accounting for only 10–15% of all intracranial vascular malformations. It’s characterized by an abnormal connection between meningeal arteries and dural venous sinuses and/or subarachnoid veins, within the dural leaflets. Venous sinus occlusion or thrombosis is commonly seen in DAVF patients; however, its role in the etiology of DAVFs remains controversial.