Understanding the composition–structure–bioactivity relationships in diopside (CaO·MgO·2SiO2)–tricalcium phosphate (3CaO·P2O5) glass system

Abstract The present work is an amalgamation of computation and experimental approach to gain an insight into composition–structure–bioactivity relationships of alkali-free bioactive glasses in the CaO–MgO–SiO 2 –P 2 O 5 system. The glasses have been designed in the diopside (CaO·MgO·2SiO 2 ; Di)–tricalcium phosphate (3CaO·P 2 O 5 ; TCP) binary join by varying the Di/TCP ratio. The melt-quenched glasses have been investigated for their structure by molecular dynamic (MD) simulations as well as by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). In all the investigated glasses silicate and phosphate components are dominated by Q 2 (Si) and Q 0 (P) species, respectively. The apatite forming ability of the glasses was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy after immersion of glass powders in simulated body fluid (SBF) for time durations varying between 1 h and 14 days, while their chemical degradation has been studied in Tris–HCl in accordance with ISO 10993-14. All the investigated glasses showed good bioactivity without any substantial variation. A significant statistical increase in metabolic activity of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) when compared to the control was observed for Di-60 and Di-70 glass compositions under both basal and osteogenic conditions.