A Multiple Decision-Maker Model for Construction Material Supply Problem Based on Costs-Carbon Equilibrium

The rapid urbanization in China over the last decade has resulted in increased carbon emissions from the construction materials industry. Considering significant proportion of material purchase in total project costs and the massive amount of carbon emissions during construction material produce and transportation process, the material supplier selection has significant influence on the construction performance. This paper develops an multi-objective equilibrium strategy based bi-level programming model which fully reflects the conflicts between the construction company and the material suppliers and considers the trade-off between cost optimization and carbon emission reduction. An interactive solution approach with fuzzy random variables is designed. A practical case is given to demonstrates the efficiency of the formulated method.