Prognostic value of tumor growth rate and biomarker dynamics in patients with renal cell carcinoma

The article discusses the features of the main modern prognostic models in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The possibilities of using molecular biological markers associated with the activation or proliferation of tumor cells and the microenvironment are highlighted. The possibility of integrating parameters that reflect the intensity of growth or decrease in the volume of tumor mass into prognostic systems is shown. Data from our own research is presented. A model is presented that, along with the components used earlier, includes immunological parameters (spontaneous production of IL-6 and IL-8) and kinetic parameters of tumor growth or regression. These factors are associated with the degree of malignancy and aggressiveness, and are independent predictors. The article presents literature data on the relationship of the studied components of the immune system with invasiveness, proliferative activity and metastatic potential of the tumor. Future research directions are outlined regarding the possibility of integrating biomarkers into predictive models for renal cell carcinoma.