Gas and Dolomite Outbursts in Ore Mines—Analysis of the Phenomenon and the Energy Balance

In this paper, we present the problem of gas and dolomite outbursts in copper mines. The energy balance of the phenomenon is analyzed. An examination of the porosity of the dolomites is performed; in addition, the content and pressure of the gas accumulated in the pore structure of the rock are determined. The gas energy accumulated in the pore space of rocks is determined depending on the transformation occurring during gas decompression. The work needed to crush the rock for the grain distribution characteristic of post-outburst masses is examined. The gas energy needed to transport rocks is analyzed. The purpose of the research is to determine the limit values of parameters describing the gas and rock system for which there is a risk of dolomite and rock explosions. For the characteristic porosity of dolomites of −5%, gas and rock outbursts at 5 MPa pressure in isothermal transformation can be expected, and if the transformation is closer to adiabatic transformation, outbursts can be expected at 10 MPa pressure.