Epidemiology, Prevention and Control of Hepatitis B virus Infection in China

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major keys to cause cancer-related mortality in the whole world, with the majority of patients related to persistent infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV), especially in Asian and African, while HCV in Europe and America. HBV is the smallest DNA-containing, enveloped mammal virus known so far. High tissue and species specii¬city, unique genome and replication mechanism make HBV be shrouded in mystery. A high HBV load is the most significant risk element for HCC recurrence. Individuals chronically infected with HBV are 200 times more inclined to develop HCC than uninfected people. Effective antiviral treatment against HBV could alleviate HBV-associated HCC and improve survival. From several aspects including epidemiology, infection, replication of HBV, immune state, anti-HBV therapy and gut microbiota of patients, we made a summary of currently available knowledge about the epidemiology, prevention and control of HBV infection for the organism as a whole.