Effects of culture media on anther culture of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

The effects on anther culture of six culture media including NTH, MS, B5 and NTH1, MS1, B51 (i.e. the modified NTH, MS or B5 supplemented with 3g/L activated charcoal, 0.5 mg/L NAA, 1.0 mg/L KT+ 0.1 mg/L 6-BA +5 mg/L AgNO3)were studied using 21 capsicum varieties belonging to the three fruit shape types (sent pepper, bell pepper and hot pepper) as the materials. The results showed that 71.43% of the varieties used produced embryoids with induction frequency of 0.41%~2.69%. Among the fruit shape types, 83.33% of the sent varieties, 69.23% of the bell varieties and 50.00% of the hot varieties produced embryoids. Addition of 5 mg/L AgNO3 into the media have significantly reduced browning. The order of the mean values of both the induction percentage of calli and that of embryoids in anther culture by six media was MS1,NTH1,B51,MS,NTH,B5. Although MS1 and NTH1 did not show the difference, they were significantly superior to B5. NTH1, MS1 and B51 significantly reduced browning and improved percentage of induction of both calli and embryoid. Although there was not any significant difference in the percentage of induction between MS and NTH, the percentage of induction on MS or NTH was significantly higher than that on B5.