Water-based cleaning agent and preparing method and application of water-based cleaning agent

The invention provides a water-based cleaning agent which comprises a surface active agent, an addition agent and water. The surface active agent comprises isomeric alcohol ether and organic high-polycarboxylic acid ammonium salt. The content of the isomeric alcohol ether accounts for 2% to 10% of the total mass of the water-based cleaning agent, and the content of the organic high-polycarboxylic acid ammonium salt accounts for 0.5% to 10% of the total mass of the water-based cleaning agent. Preferably, the isomeric alcohol ether comprises one or more of modified isomeric alcohol ether, isomeric alcohol ethoxylates, iso-decyl ethoxylates and iso-tridecanol ethoxylates. In the water-based cleaning agent, the isomeric alcohol ether and the organic high-polycarboxylic acid ammonium salt are used in cooperation, the water-based cleaning agent is suitable for cleaning various kinds of metal, good in rust preventing performance and not likely to be corroded, the function of a protective layer is achieved, watermarks are not likely to be generated, and cleaned workpieces are bright.