Attenuation of arthritis in rodents by a novel orally-available inhibitor of sphingosine kinase

AbstractPro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α activate sphingosine kinase (SK). Therefore, inhibition of SK is a potential molecular target for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.AimsThe primary goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of ABC249640 (a selective SK-2 inhibitor) in two models of rodent arthritis. A secondary goal was to evaluate the pharmacological profile of ABC294640, when given in combination with methotrexate.MethodsThe efficacy of ABC294640 was determined by paw diameter/volume measurements, histological evaluations, and micro-CT analyses.ResultsABC294640 attenuated both collagen-induced arthritis in mice, as well as adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. With the adjuvant arthritis model, the prophylactic efficacy profile of ABC294640 was similar to indomethacin. Of note, ABC294640 reduced the bone and cartilage degradation, associated with adjuvant-induced arthritis. Rats treated with a suboptimal dose of MTX (50 μg/kg/day) in combination with ABC249640 (100 mg/kg/day) had better anti-arthritis effects in the adjuvant model, than treatment with either agent alone.ConclusionOur results suggest that ABC249640 is an orally available drug candidate with a good pre-clinical efficacy profile for the prevention and/or treatment of RA.