Numerical simulation on influence of jet angle on jet's characteristics in flowing ambient fluid

Based on the stress-algebraic model,the turbulent buoyant jet with variable density was studied by the relation between density and concentration.A simple expression for buoyancy coefficient was proposed.The governing equations of turbulent buoyant jet with variable density were closed by introducing the expression of β and the relation between density and concentration.Numerical results for the jet axis with density difference agree well with experimental ones.By finite volume method,the 2-D vertical jet's flow field with different jet angles was studied.The analysis of the relation among the vortex center,the position of separation point and jet angles shows that the circumfluence field is the largest when the jet angle is 90°.The area turbulent kinetic energy kA is proposed and the relationship between mixing intensity and jet angles is analyzed based on it.Results show that the jet angle of is the optimum condition for jet water mixing with environment water;and the reduced rate of difference between the centerline density of jet and the density of ambient water is the largest at the jet angle of 90°.