Effect of Low and High Doses of Vitamin D on Sreptozotocin-induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological and Immunohistochemical Sudy

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is an important instigate of persistent kidney ailment problem and irrevocably renal catastrophe. Vitamin D (VD) insufficiency is documented as a worldwide health delinquent and lately pondered as a conscientious factor in the onset and progression of diabetes mellitus (DM). Aim: This research paper was premeditated to explore the probable upshot of low and high doses of vitamin D on a rat model of diabetic nephropathy. Material and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were segregated into four groups: Group I (control group). Group II (the diabetic nephropathy group): given streptozotocin intraperitoneal. Group III (the low dose VD group): rats were given streptozotocin then vitamin D orally as 8000 IU/kg/day. Group IV (the high dose VD group): rats were given streptozotocin then vitamin D orally as 20,000 IU/kg/day. After complete12 weeks from the beginning of the experiment, rats were sacrificed. Kidney specimens were handled and assayed by histological and Immunohistochemical procedures. Results: The diabetic nephr0pathy group revealed distortion of glomeruli, tubular distortion. mononuclear permeation and epithelial desquamation. Congested dilated glomeruli, peritubular blood vessels and interstitial outpouring of blood were also noticed. EM examination of proximal and distal c0nv0luted tubules exhibited multiple vacuoles. thickening of basement membrane and destructed mitochondria were also seen. Group III showed improvement of these changes and Group IV showed amelioration of most of these changes. Conclusion: High dose of vitamin D ameliorates experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy.