Cytotoxic effects of two acid solutions and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite used in endodontic therapy
2010
Aim: To evaluate the cytotoxicity of 15% citric acid, 5% phosphoric acid and 2.5% NaOCl on cultured fibroblasts
using MTT colorimetric assay. Methodology: Irrigating solutions of 5% phosphoric acid, 15% citric acid, and
2.5% NaOCl, diluted at 0.1% and 0.5%, were applied to cell cultures of 3T3L1 fibroblasts. The cell viability was
determined by means of MTT colorimetric assay after a period of 1, 6 and 24 hours. Percentages of cell viability
were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test for global comparisons and the Mann-Whitney U-test for pairwise
comparisons. Results: The percentage of cell viability diminished progressively over a 24 hour period in all solutions
at both dilutions. At 0.1% dilution, 2.5% NaOCl (63.39%) and 15% citric acid (53.91%) showed the highest
percentage of cell viability (p=0.083). At 0.5% dilution, 2.5% NaOCl again showed the highest cell viability value
(48.51%). Conclusions: The irrigating solution with the highest percentage of cell viability was 2.5% NaOCl at
both 0.1% and 0.5% dilutions. A very low percentage of cell viability was obtained with 15% citric acid and 5%
phosphoric acid at 0.5% dilution.
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