Neuromoduláció sejtszintű mechanizmusainak vizsgálata ideg-izom és ideg-mirigy kapcsolatokban. = Cellular mechanisms of the neuromodulation in neuromuscular and neuroglandular junctions.

Az eticsiga nyalmirigy jo modell az ideg-izom, ideg-mirigy szinapszis es a szekrecio molekularis mechanizmusanak a tanulmanyozasaban. A mirigyben negyfele sejttipust azonositottunk es megallapitottuk, hogy azok szama, eloszlasa az aktiv es inaktiv allatokban elterő es az ingeruletattevődes nem-szinaptikus uton valosul meg. A varikozitasokban levő vezikulakbol dopamin, szerotonin es neuropeptidek szabadulnak fel. A mirigysejtek kozotti gap-junction ill. deszmoszoma kapcsolatok biztositjak a szerv szinkron műkodeset. Leirtuk a mirigysejtek passziv es aktiv elektromos tulajdonsagait, es a feszultsegfuggő ion-konduktanciakat. Jellemeztuk a transzmitter receptorokat, amelyek heteromer formaban vannak jelen, ily modon egymas hatasat antagonizaljak. Eredmenyeink ujabb adatokkal szolgalnak a puhatestuek 5HT receptorainak osztalyozasahoz. A transzmitterhatast szamos neuropeptid modulalja, amely csak a puhatestuekben fordul elő, de a PACAP is, melynek jelenletet es szerepet puhatestűekben kimutattuk. Egy endogen neuropeptid szignalizacios utvonalat vizsgaltuk es megallapitottuk, hogy G-protein kapcsolt es amelyben mindket disszocialt alegyseg reszt vesz es a deszenzitizaciot egy protein kinaz enzim vegzi. A fiziologiai ingerek hatasara a cisztikus sejtek szama megnőtt, melyek kivetel nelkul a programozott sejthalal morfologiai es molekularis jeleit mutattak. Megallapitottuk, hogy a nyalfelszabadulas fiziologiai utja a mitochondrium-kaszpaz medialt utvonal. | The snail salivary gland is a suitable model in studying neuro-muscular, neuro-glandular synapse and the molecular mechanism of salivation. For cell types were identified in the gland and it was found, that distribution and number of different cell types were different in active and inactive snails. Vesicles in varicosities liberate dopamine, serotonin and number of neuropeptides. Gap-junction and desmosome-like structures ensure the synchronization of gland cells. Passive and active electrical properties of cells were examined and voltage-dependent ion currents were characterized. It was found that receptors occur in heterometric form, they bind both DA and 5HT and thereby antagonizing its effect. Our results contribute to the characterization and classification of 5HT-receptors in mollusc. The transmitter effect is modulated by peptides present only in molluscs, and by PACAP occurrence and distribution of which is described in mollusc. Signalling pathway of the neuropeptide (MIP) was studied and found that it is G-protein coupled and both subunits are active and the desensitization of the receptor is performed by receptor kinase. Physiological stimuli such as transmitters or nerve stimulation increased the number of cystic cells. These cells every time revealed a morphological and molecular signs of the programmed cell death. It is concluded, that the mitochondrial-caspase pathway of the programmed cell death is a physiological way of the saliva release.